Heroin Addiction
In
the 25 to 49 age group, illicit drug overdose is the fourth leading cause of
death, about the same number as motor vehicle crashes.
Children
as young as 13 have been found involved in heroin abuse. According to
statistics in 1999 heroin overdose has caused more deaths than traffic
accidents.
The
1999 National Household Survey on drug abuse (NHSDA) estimated that there
were 149,000 new heroin users in 1998 and that nearly 80 percent were under
the age of 26.
Last
year, there were approximately 84,000 visits to emergency rooms in the US
due to heroin.
Over
80% of heroin users inject with a partner, yet 80% of overdose victims found
by paramedics are alone.
The
dependent person use between 150 - 250 milligrams per day. Divide into 3
doses.
The
heroin addict spends between $150 to $200 per day to maintain a heroin
addiction.
In
1998. 65% of the heroin seized in the United States originated in South
America, and 17% came from Mexico.
Data
from the 1999 National Household Survey on drug abuse suggest purity is
partly responsible for the 75% of new heroin users who are snorting or
smoking, not injecting the opiate. In 1991 the number of new users was 46%.
The
1999 NHSDA survey adjusted the average age for initiation of heroin use to
just above 21 years of age. Other surveys, and experts have said many new
users are between 18 to 25 years old.
According
to Drug Abuse Warning Network, or DAWN, heroin and morphine accounted for
51% of drug deaths ruled accidental or unexpected in 1999.
Out
of the 11,651 deaths... accidental and intentional by way of suicide...
reported to DAWN by medical examiners in 1999, the most recent year for
which complete statistics are available, 4,820 were the result of heroin or
morphine abuse, or some combination of those and other drugs.
In
2000, as part of DAWN's year-end emergency data report, heroin related
emergency room visits increased 15% from the last year.
Treatment
admission rates for primary heroin abuse increased in publicly funded
substance abuse treatment facilities across the nation between 1993 and
1999. In 1993, the treatment admission rate for primary heroin abuse in the
United States was 95 admissions per 100,000 persons age 12 or older. By
1996, the admission rate had increase 7% to 102 per 100,000 and by 1999 it
had increased by another 3% to 105 per 100,000. Heroin
Addiction Treatment
The
route of administration among heroin users entering treatment has been
changing. In 1993, 74% of admissions for heroin abuse were injectors. By
1999, this had declined to 66%. There was an increase in admission for
heroin inhalation for 23% in 1993 to 28% in 1999.
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